There's no doubt that pregnancy brings many physical and psychological changes for a woman, but a diagnosis of gestational diabetes can add a new layer of challenges that require careful management. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, this article provides everything you need to know about gestational diabetes: symptoms, causes, and treatment.
What is gestational diabetes?
Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar levels that first appear during pregnancy, usually diagnosed between the 24th and 28th weeks. This type of diabetes occurs when the body's cells become resistant to insulin due to hormonal changes, or when the body doesn't produce enough insulin. Although gestational diabetes often goes away after delivery, it can increase a woman's risk of developing type 2 diabetes later on.
Symptoms: Is there anything to worry about?
Gestational diabetes often appears silently, without any obvious symptoms. However, in some cases, symptoms may include:
Excessive thirst: You feel a constant need to drink water.
Frequent urination: The number of times you go to the bathroom increases.
Unexplained fatigue: Even though you haven't exerted much effort
Blurred vision: You may notice difficulty seeing clearly.
If you notice any of these symptoms, it is best to consult your doctor to confirm your condition.
Causes: How does gestational diabetes occur?
During pregnancy, your body produces hormones such as progesterone and estrogen that contribute to a healthy pregnancy. However, these hormones can affect how your body responds to insulin, making it difficult for glucose to move from your blood into your cells. As a result, blood sugar levels rise.
Factors that increase the risk of infection
Excess weight before pregnancy
Family history of diabetes.
Pregnancy at an advanced age (35 years or older).
Polycystic ovary syndrome
previous history of gestational diabetes
Diagnosis: A crucial step for maternal and fetal health
Gestational diabetes is usually diagnosed through an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), in which you are asked to drink a sugary solution and your blood sugar levels are measured in stages. If the results show abnormally high blood sugar, you may be diagnosed with gestational diabetes.
Complications: Why do you need good control?
Without proper management, gestational diabetes can lead to serious health problems for you and your baby.
For the mother
High blood pressure and preeclampsia
Increased risk of cesarean section
For the fetus
Excessive birth weight: which may lead to difficulty in childbirth
Premature birth: with risks of breathing problems
Postpartum hypoglycemia: which may require immediate medical intervention
Risk of developing obesity or type 2 diabetes later in life
Treatment: How do you manage your condition?
Fortunately, gestational diabetes can be controlled with simple but effective steps.
Lifestyle changes
Follow a healthy diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins. Avoid sugars and refined carbohydrates.
Exercise: such as walking for 30 minutes daily after consulting your doctor.
Monitor glucose levels
Check your blood sugar regularly, especially in the morning and after meals.
Medications when needed
If exercise and diet aren't enough, your doctor may prescribe insulin injections or oral medications that are safe during pregnancy.
Close follow-up with the doctor
Maintain regular visits to monitor the health and growth of the fetus.
Prevention: Can you avoid gestational diabetes?
Although complete prevention cannot be guaranteed, adopting healthy habits before pregnancy can reduce the risk of infection.
Maintain a healthy weight before pregnancy
Eat foods rich in fiber and low in fat.
Exercise regularly
In conclusion: Gestational diabetes is not the end of the road.
Early diagnosis and proper management can ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy for you and your baby. Remember, your health and that of your fetus deserve your full attention. Always consult your doctor and take the necessary steps to keep both of you safe.
If you are looking for specialized and comprehensive care for diabetes during pregnancy, contact DiaCare Center to ensure the best care for you and your baby.
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